ยทSystems Theory

Gall's Law

Complex working systems always evolve from simple working systems.

Explanation

Gall's Law is a rule of thumb in systems theory, formulated by John Gall. It states that a complex system that works is invariably found to have evolved from a simple system that worked. A complex system designed from scratch never works and cannot be patched up to make it work. To create a successful complex system, you must start with a working simple system and iteratively build upon it over time.

Everyday example

In software development, building a minimum viable product (MVP) first and expanding it works far better than designing a massive, complex software system from scratch, which almost always fails.

Why it matters

It explains why grand top-down reforms, massive IT overhauls, and over-engineered projects so frequently collapse under their own weight.

Common misconception

Believing that complex systems fail due to poor planning, and that adding more upfront specifications will guarantee success.

Try this today

Identify a complex goal you have and scale it down to the simplest possible working version you can test today.

A working complex system can only be achieved by building upon a working simple system.

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